ABSTRACT
Introduction: The usage of a flipped classroom to instruct medical students is becoming more common. During the COVID-19 epidemic, this method of teaching and learning proved to be effective. This study aims to analyse the knowledge gained and perceptions of medical students who were taught pharmacology in a flipped classroom utilising online tools. Methodology: A total of 50 second-year medical students took part in the research. Local anaesthetics and adverse drug reactions were the two topics covered in the flipped classroom. A few weeks before the session, pre-reading materials were distributed, which included voice-over PowerPoint videos and AMBOSS links. Students were given pre and post-tests using Microsoft forms to assess their knowledge gained during the face-to-face session. Higher-order thinking questions were uploaded as a Kahoot session, and the questions were also posted using Microsoft PowerPoint in an interactive session. A validated questionnaire was used to collect feedback, and the responses were graded on a 4-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. Results: There were 18 females and 32 males among the 50 students. The students’ average age was 21.4 ± 0.6 years. When the pre and post-test scores were compared, statistically significant results were obtained (P-value.000). The students had a favourable attitude about flipped classrooms. Most students said that the flipped classroom increased their understanding of the subject (mean score 3.760.44). They also thought the flipped classroom was a fun way to learn (mean score 3.710.47). The overall perception of the flipped classroom was excellent (53%). Conclusion: The knowledge gained by the students during the flipped classroom session in pharmacology was significant. The students had a favourable opinion of the flipped classroom method of teaching pharmacology. © 2022. International journal of online and biomedical engineering. All Rights Reserved.
ABSTRACT
Recently, the world is witnessing a severe global health issue owing to the COVID 19 pandemic, initially encountered in the city of Wuhan in Hubei province in China. It spread rapidly, so does the fatality ratio. This pandemic has jeopardized the sustainable development goals at large. Still, the future is uncertain-the current study aimed at two objectives. The first is to review the past literature on the coronavirus family to map our current understanding of its epidemic outbarks and overview its social, environmental, and economic impact. The second stream of literature focused on classifying the best possible solutions under different scenarios due to the current situation. Finally, to provide future agenda for policymakers to restrain the sustainable development goals. We used Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases for the systematic literature review process. We followed a strict screening process recommended in the PRISMA guidelines for the screening and quality assessment of systematic literature review. The final 51 studies are included for the systematic literature review. A systematic review of the past literature identified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS), bovine Coronavirus, canine Coronavirus, and feline Coronavirus are the significant classifications of the Coronavirus family discuss in the literature. We highlighted the potential pitfalls in the past literature, mainly serious scarce collaborative and multidisciplinary research on the pandemic, although several researchers highlighted the issue. Findings of the current study indicate that most research is in a lab setting and experimental design. For sustainable development, there is a need to start collaborative work among the nations. We provided a framework for a pandemic strategic response plan through multidisciplinary research to mitigate the impact of the recent COVID-19 pandemic and to be prepared for future episodes. The future of the world after the 2019-COVID is more challenging and vital for humanity in terms of business, economic and social perspective. Social structures will change the current situation is showing based on literature and reports. The economic recession will be prolonged if the researchers cannot find the solution for the Coronavirus.